The Bulletin News – Page 18

ANIMALS 101 – DO YOU CARE ABOUT THE FOOD YOUR DOG EATS?

Columnist

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March 26, 2025

ANIMALS 101 – DO YOU CARE ABOUT THE FOOD YOUR DOG EATS?

FEEDING YOUR ANIMALS THE BEST POSSIBLE DIET IS IMPORTANT FOR THEIR HEALTH.

Nutrition, for me, is a fascinating topic from my profession’s side as well as the animal welfare side, and it is something many pet parents are unsure about! I am not a veterinarian or animal food specialist, so all this information comes from a trusted vet, who is also the co-author of The Forever Dog. I have tried many of these for my animals and just like humans, animals, even from the same species, certainly have food preferences. Our one dog, loves pineapple and blueberries, while the other two like bananas and strawberries.

It is important to remember that every type of food you feed your animals has the potential to do 1 of 2 things: HEAL or HARM. What are the food and treats you give them, doing to your animal’s body? Do they help reduce inflammation or cause it? Provide antioxidants or just empty calories? Provide polyphenols or just synthetic flavours and dyes?

“I only feed my dog their kibble and nothing else!” was once a proud pet owner’s statement, but microbiome research proves this is a big mistake. Study after study shows that the more diverse your pet’s diet is, the healthier their gut and immune system can become.

TRAITS OF A GOOD DIET FOR YOUR ANIMALS

Minimally processed
Low carb
Species appropriate
Fresh
You can try an eating window for your dog (8 hours of eating time & 16 hours of fasting)

Some questions are:

Can my dog eat MEAT, FRUITS & VEGGIES, DAIRY & EGGS?
What other SUPPLEMENTS might be healthy?
Any other helpful FOOD TIPS?
What foods are DANGEROUS?
How can the kind of BOWLS my pet eats from be helpful?

You can also check out this link by Dr. Karen to search for particular foods that are safe for pets.

VERY IMPORTANT! – Please note that the whole food item might not be ideal for the pet or even dangerous. Removing for example the seeds or skin of the food might be necessary. If your pet has any medical conditions, it is important to discuss what they eat with your vet who knows your individual pet best because certain foods, too many carbs, too much protein, etc., may have a dangerous effect on certain health conditions.

THE NO CARB REQUIREMENT

Dogs and cats don’t have a carb requirement, so why do grain-free pet foods often contain so many carbs? The reason is that it’s cheaper to produce foods with less meat protein. The issue starts with many pet food companies using excessive vegan fillers (including peas, lentils, rice, corn, potatoes, quinoa, oatmeal, tapioca, wheat, etc.) to offset the large amount of critically important (and more expensive) meat that dogs and cats require for health.

The end result of excessive plant-based fillers in pet foods can be a chronic amino acid deficiency from not enough meat-based protein in pet foods, which can lead to heart and other organ dysfunction as well as many other issues.

There are too many plant-based ingredients and not enough real meat in many pet foods on the market. Keeping carbs low in any type of pet food is important (“grain-free” or not).

Also, read more on pets and exercise.

HOW TO CALCULATE

CARBS

To ensure your pet is receiving an adequate amount of protein, you have to calculate the amount of unnecessary starch (carbs) in the diet. Aim to feed dry foods with less than 15-20% carbs.

Here’s how to calculate the carbs in your dry pet food – find the numbers under the Guaranteed Analysis on the side of your pet food bag, and put them into this equation:

100% – % protein – % fat – % moisture – % ash (if not listed, use 6%) = % carbs

DAILY CALORIES

Dog Daily calories = Body weight (kg) x 30 + 70

Cat Daily calories (feline) = Body Weight (kg) x 30 + 70 x 0.8

Use their ideal weight, not their current weight, in formulas!

WATER INTAKE

The amount of drinking water your dog needs daily depends on their size, diet, age, activity level, and weather conditions. A good general guideline is that a healthy dog should drink between 30- 60 mL per kg (½ – 1 ounce of water per pound) of body weight each day.

Provide fresh, good-quality drinking water for your animals. This means water that doesn’t contain fluoride, heavy metals, or other contaminants. Filtered water is ideal, not only for two-legged family members but for furry family members as well.

CHANGING YOUR PET’S DIET

Changing your pet’s food too fast can cause digestive issues. Follow this general guideline over 7 days.

READING FOOD LABELS

It can be overwhelming to decide which food is best for your pets and it is our responsibility to do our homework on it because food can heal or harm. You can’t blindly trust what’s on the internet!

Although there are vets who know a lot about nutrition, not all do. One vet I follow shared that they cover only a very small portion of nutrition during their studies. They mostly sell the big-name brands, and this vet said that although it is not bad food, vets trust the brands cause those are the ones they know and the ones that sponsored “pizza talks” about their products. He believes that other foods can provide similar value at a lower cost. I agree.

What are some key things I look for when buying food?

Human grade is a priority for me instead of feed-grade ingredients. If it’s not fit for humans, then I do not want to feed it to my pets. Our pets mainly get home-cooked meals.
There is a lot more to it, but look for the following:
Choose products where they list many of the ingredients specifically and not just a general few.
Where they do not just say “animal proteins and derivatives”, but rather chicken proteins or which proteins specifically. If there is more than one animal protein source, for example, chicken and beef, then I would rather buy that one.
If they start the list with animal proteins instead of other ingredients like cereals, then it is likely better too.
An exception to the above will be if they start with rice if they eliminate corn and wheat thus offering a single-grain product which is better. Usually as part of the carb source they use wheat, corn or rice. Rice as an ingredient is more digestible. Remember our cats and dog’s no-carb requirement.
I try to avoid products with BHT or BHA (artificial antioxidants/food additives, possibly associated with cancer).
I look for other extras like rooibos which include antioxidants. Beet pulp, Inulin or chicory fibre can be helpful as fibre sources. Look for products with Omega oils in them. Brewer’s yeast is rich in vitamin B. Other ingredients like glucosamine and chondroitin are also helpful.
Be careful with flavours and palatability enhancers (which contain phosphorus). Beef flavour doesn’t mean there is actually beef in it.

A few extra notes

Be careful with bulk buying. Try to use the food within 30 days of the opening so it doesn’t lose quality.
Choose good bowls and wash them after each meal.
Keep food in glass containers instead of plastic.
Work out what your pet needs calorie-wise instead of following the too-wide range regarding weight on the packaging.

MORE ON THE SCIENCE

A recent study from Finnish veterinary scientists shows that healthy leftovers of human food offered to puppies significantly reduce allergy symptoms and skin problems later in life. This long-term, protective effect increased the more often real foods were added, so the more exposure puppies had to a variety of healthy leftovers, the more protection there was from developing skin issues down the road.

“…even if the dog eats 80% of its food as dry, adding a minimum of 20% of the food as raw significantly decreased the risk of AASS [allergic skin disease] later in life.” – Dr Anna Hielm-Björkman

According to scientists, feeding a variety of raw or minimally processed, real food early in life may lead to microbial exposure that enhances the immune system early on, reducing allergic responses later in life. Some of the owners of the foods fed in this study were fish and meats, vegetables and roots, culinary mushrooms, buttermilk and other fermented milk products and berries.
It is important to look at the studies when someone claims Yay or Nay for a food item. For example, a study that said garlic is toxic for dogs was based on too much garlic/day for any dog. This also includes myths about other foods like avocados and nuts. Context is important!

Are you looking for more DIY fresh food ideas to inspire healthy canine snacking?! Dr Karen coaches you through how to successfully swap unhealthy foods and treats for healthier choices. She does support more natural foods and raw diets instead of kibble. In the book, The Forever Dog, the authors list over 40 of their favourite fresh foods from the fridge to add to your dog’s bowl, backed by the most surprising new science as to why they’re so amazing at building health and longevity! They also show you how to add them and how much to offer in a way that keeps your pup’s nutrition in balance.

The health of your pet should be important to you and providing them with a healthy and species-appropriate diet is crucial. It is also your responsibility to make sure that the particular food is safe for your individual pet.

Join us again next week as we learn about the pets of our lives.

WHEN YOU KNOW BETTER, DO BETTER!

DA fights for the revival of the Kinross Golf Club facility

Encee van Huyssteen

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March 23, 2025

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DA fights for the revival of the Kinross Golf Club facility

The DA will table a motion calling on the municipality to consider repairing the Kinross Golf Club.
This facility used to create employment and generate revenue for the municipality.
It is unfair that residents and local businesses who need such a facility need to travel to other municipalities.

The DA in Govan will table a motion calling on the municipality to prioritise the rehabilitation of the Kinross Golf Club. The clubhouse consists of a hall, toilets, kitchens, bar and offices. In 2020, during the coronavirus pandemic, this facility was used as a shelter for homeless people.

After this period, the municipality ceased all maintenance work. Currently, the facility has been vandalized beyond recognition and sadly enough the municipality has turned a blind eye. Windows, doors, ceiling, office furniture inside this facility have been vandalized.

Due to the municipality’s negligence, criminals have also helped themselves to electric sockets, bar glasses, stoves and water taps. A sewer leak that goes right into the dam next to the facility has also led to piles of litter in the vicinity.

The clubhouse was once the pride and joy for residents of Kinross and other neighbouring towns with its scenic golf course and a dam. Notably the clubhouse was also a place of employment for residents of Govan Mbeki as it employed chefs, waiters, security guards and gardeners.

Recently, the municipality was downgraded to level 4, this can be attributed to revenue generation failures and financial mismanagement. The DA would like to emphasise that this is one facility that used to generate millions in revenue.

The repairing of this establishment will go a long way in reviving the economy of Govan Mbeki and changing the livelihoods of residents. Surprisingly, the municipality’s Executive Mayor Nhlakanipho Zuma, has always committed to reviving facilities that were once thriving.

This goes to show that the ANC administration is good at misleading the public. The notion that Govan Mbeki will be the best municipality by the end of this term is fictitious. This municipality is ran by cadres who are self-centred.

The DA will continue exposing the rot, the ANC administration in Govan Mbeki has failed dismally. The municipality requires a serious change.

Should our motion be defeated, we will run a petition, the DA will not be deterred, residents deserve a functional government that will prioritize service delivery.

ANIMALS 101 – PETS AND EXERCISE

Columnist

Ancois van Zyl

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March 19, 2025

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THE IMPORTANCE OF REGULAR EXERCISE FOR PETS

Exercise is essential for pets, just as it is for humans. Regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight, reduce the risk of illness, and stimulate pets mentally. Just like humans, animals who exercise tend to be happier and healthier with greater quality of life. Every pet needs exercise, and most don’t get anywhere near the amount they need. This is why there are so many overweight, bored companions with behaviour problems. Whether your pet is a dog that loves to run, a cat that enjoys a playful chase, or a rabbit that loves to hop around, providing adequate exercise is vital for their overall well-being. In this article, we will explore why exercise is important for pets and how to incorporate it into their daily routine.

BENEFITS OF EXERCISE

1. PHYSICAL HEALTH BENEFITS

The primary benefit of regular exercise for pets is improved physical health. Active pets are more likely to maintain a healthy weight and muscle tone, which reduces the risk of obesity-related health problems.

Weight Management: Obesity is a common issue among pets, especially dogs and cats, which can lead to conditions such as diabetes, arthritis, and heart disease. Regular exercise helps burn calories and prevent excessive weight gain, keeping your pet at a healthy weight. Exercise can also help improve digestive health.

Muscle Strength and Bone Health: Exercise helps build and maintain muscle mass and keeps joints flexible, reducing the risk of injuries and conditions like arthritis. Pets that don’t get enough exercise may become stiff and weak, especially as they age.
Heart Health: Just like humans, pets need cardiovascular exercise to keep their hearts strong. Regular movement promotes good circulation, reduces stress on the heart, and may help to manage high blood pressure.

2. MENTAL STIMULATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL WELL-BEING

Exercise isn’t just about physical health – it also plays a key role in your pet’s mental and emotional well-being. Pets that are mentally and physically stimulated are less likely to develop behavioural issues or become anxious and depressed.

Boredom Prevention: Pets, especially dogs, can become bored and frustrated if they don’t get enough exercise. Boredom can lead to destructive behaviour, such as chewing on furniture, digging holes, or excessive barking. Providing physical activities helps prevent these issues.
Stress and Anxiety Relief: Regular exercise can help alleviate anxiety and stress in pets. Active pets are less likely to display signs of separation anxiety, nervousness, or aggression. Exercise also helps burn off excess energy, which can contribute to calmer behaviour.

Bonding Time: Physical activities, such as walks or playtime, provide an opportunity for you to bond with your pet. Whether you’re playing tug-of-war with your dog or engaging in interactive games with your cat, spending time together strengthens your relationship and deepens the emotional connection.

3. SOCIALIZATION AND BEHAVIOUR IMPROVEMENT

Exercise is an excellent way to socialize pets, especially dogs, with other animals and people. Regular walks, trips to the dog park, or playdates with other pets help improve your pet’s social skills and reduce fear-based behaviours. Please note that there is more to socialization than just this.

Positive Socialization: Dogs that get regular exposure to other dogs and people are less likely to become fearful or aggressive. Socializing them through controlled exercises and activities ensures that they’re more comfortable in various environments and around other pets.

Improved Behaviour: Pets that don’t get enough exercise may exhibit undesirable behaviours like aggression or hyperactivity. Regular physical activity provides an outlet for their energy, leading to improved behaviour at home.

Exercise builds confidence: Exercise helps shy or fearful dogs build confidence by allowing them to explore their environment, engage their senses, and develop problem-solving skills. Activities like agility, scent work, or structured walks provide positive experiences that reinforce independence and reduce anxiety.

Also, read more on how parrot owners fail their pets.

Most people do not meet their pets’ exercise or enrichment needs and then wonder why their dog is “acting out”. Here is a powerful video that illustrates this. For me, it is heartbreaking because this breed especially suffers a lot with the lack of the right exercise and being forced to live in town yards, when they should be living on farms.

HOW MUCH EXERCISE DOES YOUR PET NEED?

Different pets have different exercise requirements based on their breed, age, and health. It’s important to tailor your pet’s exercise routine to their specific needs.

Dogs: Most dogs need at least 30 minutes to an hour of exercise per day, depending on their breed and energy level. High-energy breeds, like Border Collies and Labrador Retrievers, may require more exercise, while low-energy dogs, such as Bulldogs or Shih Tzus, may need less. Regular walks, jogs, or playtime in the yard are great options for dogs.

Walking, for most dogs, will not be enough to optimally work their hearts. Here’s a good rule of thumb: Dogs should get a minimum of 20 minutes of sustained heart-thumping exercise a minimum of three times a week.

Cats: While cats are generally more independent than dogs, they still benefit from exercise. Interactive toys, like feather wands, encourage cats to play and exercise. Some cats also enjoy climbing or exploring, so providing vertical spaces like cat trees can promote physical activity.

Small Pets: Rabbits, guinea pigs, and hamsters also require regular exercise. A safe, enclosed area where they can run, jump, or play helps maintain their physical health. Rabbits, for example, need space to hop around freely to stay fit. A hamster wheel poses certain risks and should not be the only exercise for a hamster.

Parrots: Parrots are highly active animals, designed to fly long distances daily. When kept as pets, their ability to fly is severely restricted. To keep them healthy, they need plenty of physical and mental exercise, such as climbing, foraging, and supervised flight time. That is non-negotiable for responsible pet guardians. Providing a variety of perches, toys (daily change), and interactive activities helps mimic their natural movement and keeps them fit and engaged.

WAYS TO EXERCISE

Pets can stay active through various exercises like walking, running, digging, flying, climbing, and swimming. Remember that not all dogs are good swimmers, despite popular belief. Activities that improve strength, flexibility, and balance, along with stretching and massage, help keep them fit and relaxed.

PRECAUTIONS FOR EXERCISE

Different breeds, ages, and health conditions affect exercise tolerance. There is something like too much exercise and there is a dark side to for example, playing fetch.

AVOID CHASING THE BALL TOO MUCH

Have you ever wondered why many dogs will bring the ball over and over again? The answer is in the hormones released. Chasing and catching a ball tap into the dog’s predatory sequence, and causes the body to release adrenaline. Chasing a ball endlessly can have serious health risks. The repetitive action releases adrenaline and cortisol, which during prolonged release can lead to heart strain, anxiety, and difficulty settling. Physically, sudden stops, twists, and jumps put stress on muscles and joints, increasing the risk of injuries, especially to the shoulders. Over time, this can cause lasting damage.

Safer Alternatives:

Limit fetch and play on safe surfaces.
Warm up your dog before high-impact activities.
Encourage calmer games like scent work or “find the ball” to engage their mind without overloading their body.
Store fetch toys out of sight if your dog is obsessive.

LASER PLAY

This popular toy can make your pet highly frustrated, and I never support it as a way to exercise them. Both cats and dogs instinctively chase laser beams simply because they move, and movement triggers the prey drive. When a laser dot stimulates your cat or dog’s predatory systems, they can’t NOT chase it, yet they can never “catch” it. So the question becomes, is it a good idea to trigger your cat or dog’s prey drive using an object they have no chance of catching? No, it is not! Laser-chasing may seem fun, but veterinary behaviorists found that like dogs, cats can also develop behavior disorders as a result of chasing, but never catching, those little red dots.

SIGNS THAT YOUR PET MAY BE OVEREXERTED

Over-exercising your pet can lead to exhaustion, injuries, and even long-term health issues. Here are signs to watch for:

1. Excessive Panting & Drooling

2. Lagging Behind or Stopping

3. Limping or Stiffness

4. Disorientation or Weakness

5. Dark Red or Pale Gums

6. Vomiting or Diarrhea

7. Reluctance to Exercise

8. Excessive Thirst

9. Rapid or Labored Breathing

10. Collapse or Unconsciousness

This is an emergency! If your pet collapses, seek veterinary help immediately.

What to Do:

Stop exercise immediately if you notice any of these signs.
Offer water and move them to a cool, shaded area.
Let them rest and monitor their recovery.
If symptoms persist, contact your vet.

EXERCISE QUADRANTS (LEVELS OF AROUSAL)

I agree with SpiritDog Training that there is such a thing as too much high-arousal exercise.

They share that activities that tend to physically wear dogs out the fastest are also the ones that create the highest excitement levels. Fetching balls. Playing frisbee. Racing around at the dog park. Chasing water from the garden hose. Running next to a bike. All of these are physical exercises, but they also create intense arousal states. And if you put your dog into high-arousal states repeatedly you better know how to train around this, too. The dog may start to crave these arousal states (as programmed in their DNA).

But at the same time, no impulse control training happened. So now we have a dog who knows the fun of adrenaline and who seeks it, without having been taught to listen and regulate when in a state of high excitement. This dog will start to show other problems. They might get frustrated to the point of redirecting when they cannot access fun immediately. They might be vocalizing or unable to settle, and then the trainer/behaviourist get messages that say “My dog just cannot be normal in public”.

If your dog gets to enjoy a high-arousal activity every time they leave the house, they will start to expect (and eventually demand) a high-arousal activity every time. Your dog needs a balance of high-arousal and low-arousal activities. Furthermore, the more high-arousal activities your dog has, the more you have to balance these with impulse control training. It’s not fair to make our dogs crazy without teaching them the skills to un-crazy.

“Exercise” can have four quadrants:

Low-arousal, not physically demanding (sniff walks)
Low-arousal, physically demanding (hiking)
High-arousal, not physically demanding (excited waiting while another dog works)
High-arousal, physically demanding (fetching)

Make sure you are aware of which type of exercise you are providing for your dog, and try to reach a balance that works for your dog. Know your pet’s limits! Keep sessions appropriate to their needs. A well-balanced routine keeps your dog happy, healthy, and injury-free!

TIPS FOR INCORPORATING EXERCISE INTO YOUR PET’S ROUTINE

Set a Schedule: Just like humans, pets thrive on routine. Set aside regular times each day for exercise. For dogs, daily walks or play sessions are important. For cats and other small pets, interactive play or exercise time should also be scheduled regularly.

Mix It Up: Keep your pet engaged by varying their exercise routine. Dogs can enjoy different activities, such as fetching a ball, running, or swimming. Cats might enjoy chasing toys or climbing, while small pets can benefit from running in an exercise ball or exploring new spaces.

Use Positive Reinforcement: Reward your pet with treats, praise, or extra playtime when they engage in exercise. Positive reinforcement helps encourage good behaviour and makes exercise fun for your pet.

Monitor Your Pet’s Health: Pay attention to your pet’s health and adjust their exercise routine as needed. Older pets or those with health conditions may require lower-impact activities, such as shorter walks or slower-paced play. Always consult your veterinarian if you have concerns about your pet’s exercise regimen.

Please remember that enrichment goes beyond physical exercise—it’s about engaging your pet’s mind and fulfilling their natural instincts. While exercise keeps them fit, enrichment prevents boredom, stress, and behavioural issues. Activities like puzzle feeders, scent games, training sessions, and interactive toys stimulate their brain, providing the mental challenge they need. Without proper enrichment, even the most well-exercised pet can become anxious or destructive. Mental and physical stimulation go hand in hand for a truly happy and well-balanced animal.

Regular exercise is crucial for keeping your pet healthy, happy, and well-adjusted. Whether it’s taking your dog for a daily walk, playing interactive games with your cat, or letting your rabbit hop around in a safe space, exercise promotes both physical and mental well-being. Tailor your pet’s exercise routine to their individual needs and preferences, and be mindful of any signs of overexertion. By incorporating regular physical activity into your pet’s routine, you’ll help them lead a longer, healthier, and more fulfilling life.

Join us again next week when we learn about the pets of our lives.

WHEN YOU KNOW BETTER, DO BETTER!

LEGAL NOTICE – NOTICE OF APPLICATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AUTHORISATION

Encee van Huyssteen

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March 18, 2025

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LEGAL NOTICE – NOTICE OF APPLICATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AUTHORISATION

NOTICE OF APPLICATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AUTHORISATION FOR THE PROPOSED UMLANDO PV 1, 2 AND 3 GRID CONNECTION INFRASTRUCTURE

Notice is hereby given, in terms of the 2014 EIA Regulations (as amended in 2017) published in Government Notice R982 under Section 24(5) and 44 of the National Environmental Management Act (No. 107 of 1998) (NEMA), of the intent to carry out a Basic Assessment (BA) process, in accordance with Listing Notices 1 – 3 (GNR 983 – 985) (as amended) for the following:

Project Title

The proposed Umlando PV 1, 2, and 3 Grid Connection Infrastructure, near Secunda, Mpumalanga Province.

Project description

The development of the Umlando PV 1, 2, and 3 Grid Connection Infrastructure on the Remaining Extent of Portion 7 of farm Zondagskraal No. 125, Portion 12 of farm Rolspruit No. 127, Portion 19 of farm Kromdraai No. 128, Portion 23 of farm Kromdraai No. 128, Remaining Extent of farm Ruigtekuilen No. 129, Remaining Extent of Portion 1 of farm Ruigtekuilen No. 129, Remaining Extent of Portion 2 of farm Zandfontein No. 130, Portion 4 of farm Zandfontein No. 130, Portion 5 of farm Zandfontein No. 130, Portion 6 of farm Zandfontein No. 130, and the Remaining Extent of Portion 5 of farm Winkelhaak No. 135, situated within the Govan Mbeki Local Municipality area of
jurisdiction. The town of Secunda is located ~12 km southeast of the proposed development.

Project Footprint

200m wide Grid Connection Corridors.

Proponent

Voltalia South Africa (Pty) Ltd

EAP contact details

Siyongamele Dzingwa
Solis Environmental
Cell: 083 928 8612
E-mail: siyo@solis-environmental.co.za

The application for Environmental Authorisation (EA) will be submitted to the Competent Authority for decision making. In order
to ensure that you are identified as an interested and/or affected party, please submit your name, contact information and interest
in the matter, in writing, to the contact person given above within 30 days of this notice.

So is die Lewe: DIS Mý MENSE

Columnist

Encee van Huyssteen

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March 18, 2025

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Geniet nog ‘n aflewering van “So is die Lewe” uit die pen van Marius Britz.

DIS Mý MENSE, DIè.

Dit is opvallend hoeveel gebeure in die buiteland, veral vanuit Amerika, die afgelope tyd nuwe debatte laat oopbreek het in ons land. Een van die mees bespreekte aspekte op sosiale media gaan juis oor identiteit, en vele daarvan is eerder negatief en afbrekend as wat dit ons lei tot verdere verstaan en helderheid. Die soms oordrewe beginsel van inklusiwiteit het noodwendig daartoe gelei dat baie van die geykte persepsies, soos byvoorbeeld in die radiowese, omroepers en besluitnemers en hulle keuses van temas van programme en onderwerpe van openbare belang ten diepste raak.

Die spesifieke vraagstukke reik veel dieper as wat dit op die oppervlakte lyk. Diè wat pro-immigreer is, teenoor diè wat vasstaan daarby dat hulle vir geslagte reeds hier woon, en Suid Afrika hulle enigste tuiste is. Dan is daar ook by baie ‘n nuwe denkrigting oor hoe jy ‘n groep mense moet identifiseer. Jong mense het nie meer noodwendig dieselfde sentimente oor die geskiedenis, die kerk, kultuur en taal van die groep waaraan hulle behoort, soos wat hulle ouers het nie. Onder alle bevolkingsgroepe is hierdie tendens merkbaar.

Wat jou as plattelander van Namakwaland, hier in die Hardeveld, Boesmanland en Knersvlakte veral tref, is hoe diep die wortels van tradisie en oorgeërfde gebruik steeds rotsvas geplant is. In plekke waar ek gewoon het, soos Trichardt en die Hoëveld, was die kohesie en wisselwerking tussen mense anders. Omdat groot maatskappye meestal hulle eiesoortige kultuur en rangorde het, en mense gedurigdeur kom en gaan, tree daar maklik ‘n ander dinamika in as op die platteland.

Hier is die inwoners baie meer tradisievas, en ten nouste aan mekaar verbind deur die boerdery, familiebande en geslagte se verbintenis aan grond en tradisie. Die gemeenskap is ook veel meer homogeen, en veral die langdurige droogte maak hierdie verbintenis aan mekaar sterker as in groter voorstede en dorpe. Tradisies speel ‘n groot rol. Ek is byvoorbeeld bewus van vier boeremusiek-orkeste wat in die hier gemeente bestaan, en gereeld optree regoor die land. By een basaar het hulle die heel tyd gesit en musiekmaak.

Ek was die afgelope naweek op een van die buitewyke se vrouebasaar. Dis ‘n unieke kenmerk van so uitgestrekte gemeente met ver afstande grondpad; elke wyk funksioneer in ‘n groot mate op hulle eie soos ‘n stadsgemeente, met buitedienste en basaars twee keer per jaar ensomeer. Dis veel meer as ‘n kerklike aktiwiteit, dit is ook ‘n samekoms van mense wat op afgeleë plase woon, ver van mekaar, en dan die geleentheid gebruik om te kuier, te bespiegel oor die reënvalmoontlikhede, om te verneem na mekaar se welstand, en dan die uitruil van stories en onthou-dinge van die verlede.

Opvallend is die byname wat mense het, wat reeds jare aankom. As jy praat van broer Sê-maar-Swanepoel, sal min mense weet van wie jy praat. Maar praat van Piet Koker, en almal weet onmiddelik wie dit is. Die stories is kostelik, en kort-kort bars daar ‘n heerlike gelaggery uit. Tipies Tolla van der Merwe-wêreld en stories, met eiesoortige taalgebruik, aksent en sêgoed. Met ‘n kosbare manier van dinge sê, soos die volksrym “Ou sontjie sak mos weg” wat deur NP van Wyk Louw in die Boesmanland opgeskryf, en deur Randall Wicomb getoonset is.

By Bjørn Christian Tørrissen - Own work by uploader, http://bjornfree.com/, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=45152535 — Photo by Bjørn Christian Tørrissen

Jy belèèf die wortels van die Namakwaland by so ‘n basaar. Heerlik, ontspanne, almal groet mekaar met ‘n handdruk of omhelsing, almal ken mekaar, en kindertjies hardloop oral rond en speel. ‘n Jong seun kom gee jou ‘n stewige handdruk, stel jou voor aan sy maatjie, en sê oom, hierdie is Stefan, my agterkleinneef. Jong mense, ou mense en bejaarde mense is deel van een groot familie. Die jongste is ‘n paar maande oud, die oudste een 98 jaar. Daar word nimmereindigende bakke en bakke vleis gebraai vir die ete: saaltjops, boudtjops, plaaswors, skaapribbetjies en blaaie. Dis nou na al die proeëry en poedingetery voor die hoofmaal, met nog bakke poeding wat wag vir ná ete. Braaibroodjies, en meer soorte slaaie as wat een mens op sy bord kan skep as hy van elke soort een lepel vol sou vat. (As nagedagtenis: ek as oud-Transvaler het my stywepap en sous gemis…) Dan word daar gekuier en geëet, sommige skep ‘n tweede rondte, en dan bly daar nog genoeg kos oor vir ‘n peleton infanteriesoldate op die grens.

Dan die hoogtepunt: die veiling. Die ouderling wat optree as afslaer is baie gevat, vinnig met sy humor. Waarmee begin ons? Een piesangbrood! Het ek R500? En dan gaan die bod net op en op. R550-00, R600-00, R650-00… R1000-00 het ek! Oom Gert, hy is joune! Watter bargain! So word die een na die ander item opgeveil teen uitstekende pryse. Almal lag spontaan, hulle bie en koop met oop harte en hande.

Skielik beland daar ‘n item op die tafel: een pakkie sigarette. Die afslaer sê: man, ek kan hierdie aanbeveel. Ek rook dit self! As hy sy sakke klap om die skare te wys, ontdek hy dat iemand stilletjies sy vol pakkie sigarette uit sy sak gesteel het, en vir die veiling geskenk het. Die afslaer koop sy eie pakkie sigarette terug vir R500-00. As hy die pakkie oopmaak, sien hy dat daar net 19 sigarette in is. “En dan het hy wragtig nog een gerook ook!”, merk hy op. Na nog ‘n paar goed opgeveil is, beland daar ‘n verweerde, voosgedrade pet op die tafel. Nadat die bod by R200-00 verby trek, merk die afslaer op dat dit sy eie pet is, ook stilletjies van sy kop afgesteel en op die veiling geplaas. “Man, ek koop hierdie pragtige hoed vir R1000-00!” bie hy dan en slaan die bod op homself toe. Daardie een vrouebasaar van een wyk samel meer geld in as ‘n gemiddelde jaarlikse basaar van ‘n stadsgemeente. Op pad terug na die pastorie toe, deur die dorre Boesmanland se stofpaaie, sê ek vir myself:

“Dis mý mense diè.”

Tutela – The Heart of Social Work

Encee van Huyssteen

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March 18, 2025

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The Heart of Social Work- Celebrating Social Workers During Social Work Appreciation Month

Every day, social workers dedicate their lives to making a difference in the lives of the most vulnerable individuals in our communities. They are the frontline workers in family care, child protection, crisis intervention, and community development. Yet, their work often goes unnoticed.

This Social Work Appreciation Month, we celebrate and acknowledge the tireless efforts of social workers, particularly the dedicated team at Tutela Family Care Secunda. At Tutela Family Care Secunda, social workers embody the values of advocacy, care, and support. Every day, they intervene in difficult family situations, ensure the safety of children, and help individuals facing hardships regain stability in their lives. Whether it’s assisting a single mother in need, placing an abandoned child in a loving home, or guiding families through crises, their role is critical to the well-being of our society.

The job is not easy. Social workers are often exposed to emotional and psychological challenges as they navigate the complexities of family breakdowns, child welfare cases, and societal issues like poverty and substance abuse. Despite these challenges, they remain unwavering in their commitment to serving those in need.

Social workers wear many hats—they are counsellors, advocates, problem solvers, and protectors. Their work extends far beyond paperwork and case files; they are the ones who step in when families face crises and when children need safety.

At Tutela Family Care Secunda, the impact of social work is evident in the many lives they touch. With just two social workers and one office manager, this small but dedicated team covers an extensive working area, ensuring that children and families in need receive the help and guidance they deserve. From placing children in temporary safe care to assisting struggling parents, they provide hope where there once was despair.

The work of a social worker is not without its challenges. High caseloads, emotionalexhaustion, and limited resources make the job incredibly demanding. The social workers at Tutela Family Care Secunda manage multiple casesacross a large geographic area, often dealing with traumatic situations involving child neglect, abuse, homelessness, andaddiction.

Despite these challenges, their commitment remains unwavering. They continue to fight for children’s rights, family stability, and community well-being, even when the odds seem against them.

Social workers cannot do it alone. The demand for services is ever-growing, and resources are often stretched thin. This Social Work Appreciation Month, the community has the opportunity to make a difference by supporting the work of Tutela Family Care Secunda in the following ways:

Volunteer Your Time: Whether it’s assisting with administrative tasks, mentoring children, or offering professional skills, your time can make a huge impact.
Make a Financial Donation: Even a small contribution can help provide essential resources, such as food, shelter, and services for children in need.
Spread Awareness: Educating others about the role of social workers and advocating for better funding can help improve support systems.

To volunteer or donate, contact Tutela Family Care Secunda at 079 310 2599 or tutela.secunda@gmail.com.

As we celebrate Social Work Appreciation Month, let us take a moment to express gratitude to these dedicated professionals who work tirelessly to make our communities stronger, safer, and more compassionate.

Understanding the Business of Blood

News

Encee van Huyssteen

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March 17, 2025

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Maintaining adequate blood stocks is an ongoing challenge for many countries. In South Africa, less than 1% of the population are active blood donors – and with each unit of blood lasting only 42 days after collection, it is important for blood donors to donate regularly and for blood services organisations to increase the donor pool.

Topping the list of the questions most asked at the South African National Blood Services (SANBS) is why we do not just pay people to give blood instead of relying on voluntary donations and why we charge for the blood we get for free.

Under the National Health Act 61 of 2003, it is illegal for blood donors to be given any financial or other rewards. For most people, donating blood is motivated by pure altruism – the knowledge that their unit of blood can save up to three lives as blood is separated into red blood cells, plasma and platelets.

The World Health Organisation (WHO) and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, advocate for countries to move to 100% voluntary blood donation. The foundation for a safe, sustainable blood supply relies on regular voluntary unpaid blood donations.

Perhaps to further understand this voluntary donor approach to which we adhere, as per South African law, it is important to understand how we operate and generate revenue to remain sustainable and ensure the availability of blood and blood components which enable doctors to carry out modern procedures for many malignant diseases, complex surgical and emergency operations.

SANBS is a non-profit organisation licensed to provide blood transfusion services to the country. We receive no funds or subsidies from the government and are fully funded from the fees we charge for our service to ensure safe quality blood products.

Blood is an essential but expensive resource because of the meticulous collection process, screening and testing processes that ensure its safety for transfusion. The money paid for transfused blood goes to cover services in the collection, testing, storage and delivery of blood. From the moment donors come through our doors, the blood supply value chain requires medical expertise and state of the art technology to ensure quality and safety. Staff salaries and other operational overheads all add to costs.

Every step in the journey of blood is delicate and represents a possible point of failure where any delays, wrong temperature, miscommunications, or procedural issues can result in the product being substandard and unusable, all of which costs money.

Regulatory approved blood bags, personal protective equipment and medical tools are used to draw blood from a donor. Also factored into the costs is the transportation to specialised laboratories as well as testing on all blood units for transfusion transmissible diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B and C and Syphilis.

Generally, patients are not expected to pay for blood from their own pockets. At public hospitals, the costs are covered by the government and/or by a patient’s medical aid when admitted to a private facility. Blood products are a prescribed minimum benefit as indicated by the Medical Schemes Act.

If a patient is admitted to a private facility as a cash paying patient, the account for blood usage would be for their account. In cases where the medical aid does not pay the full amount, a patient should contact SANBS for assistance. SANBS is also open to having discussions with patients in financial difficulty..

The donation of blood by voluntary non-remunerated blood donors is recognised globally as crucial for the safety and sustainability of national blood supplies. Paying for blood opens numerous challenges which pose serious threats to the health and safety of the recipients as well as the donors themselves.

Donors who give blood in a volunteer-based system have little incentive to lie about their medical history and risk factors since their primary motivation is helping patients.

This is in stark contrast to donors in a paid system who prioritise monetary gain and may withhold key information when filling out the donor questionnaire during the preliminary screening process. Where some of these paid donors could have been otherwise ineligible to donate, they would bypass the screening possibly giving contaminated blood which is unusable or could infect a patient with a transfusion transmissible disease.

Blood transfusion is a core service within our healthcare system and individuals who donate their blood provide a unique contribution to the health and survival of others.
The blood supply value chain is complex, it starts with the blood donor at collection and ends with the patient at transfusion, but there are several stages in between which affect the process.

Transportation, testing, processing, inventory management and distribution are all vital to the process.
Continuous education and understanding of the business of blood by everyone involved in the supply chain is therefore key in ensuring the sustainability of this life-saving resource.

When one donates blood, they give patients the gift of a second chance which science cannot create.

Curro Secunda celebrates a decade of excellence

Community news

Encee van Huyssteen

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March 16, 2025

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Curro Secunda celebrates a decade of excellence in education, marking 10 years of innovation, growth and community impact

Curro Secunda, a leading educational institution in Mpumalanga, proudly announces its 10th anniversary celebration this year. This milestone marks a decade of providing quality education and fostering academic excellence.

Curro Secunda opened its doors in January 2015 with 123 learners and 39 staff members, offering classes from preschool to Grade 5 and Grade 8, phasing in additional grades each year up to Grade 12. In 2018, the campus expanded with the construction of the foundation phase building, and in 2020, the current primary school building was completed for the high school. Today, the campus accommodates children from 3 months to Grade 12, with 800 learners enrolled and 104 staff members.

We are proud to have seven staff members who have been with Curro Secunda since opening in 2015. Each of them is humbled by how far we have come. ‘Congratulations to Mr Ruan Botha, Mr Quintin Kruger, Mrs Izette de Klerk, Mrs Karla Jacobs, Mrs Charlene Botha, Mrs Karita Reneke and Mrs Coleen Cawood on reaching this milestone, and thank you for your commitment to Curro Secunda over the years,’ says Executive Head, Mr Ruan van der Merwe.

The school is recognised for its astro field, holiday and aftercare programme, registered nurse, small class sizes, technology-based learning, dedicated cooks for preschool and aftercare meals, Robotics classes and excellent facilities for children from 3 months to Grade 12.

Preschool

Our preschool provides high-quality early childhood development for children from 3 months to 5 years, focusing on the ELDAs. Our small class sizes allow our dedicated teachers to engage each child in our internally developed, play-based curriculum and build strong, caring relationships.
Being on the same campus as the primary and high schools allows children to progress through their school journey in a familiar environment.

The preschool opened with 57 children. By December 2015, enrolments had grown to 84. In 2020, we introduced the Lillio app (previously HiMama), replacing handwritten reports. From January
2024, we began serving breakfast, included in school fees. We also installed a large steel roof over the playground, as well as a sandpit and sensory path. Today, we have 125 children enrolled, with classes in English and Afrikaans. The children love the astro field, where they enjoy activities like ‘bring your ball to school’ day and bike day.

Foundation phase

With dedicated teachers and small class sizes, our foundation phase provides the emotional and intellectual foundation needed to handle the formal learning that starts in Grade R and continues to Grade 3. Through our enhanced curriculum, we gradually develop learners’ 21st-century skills in areas such as language, mathematics, computers and creative problem-solving. Robotics and chess also form part of the curriculum, fostering personal growth and accountability.

The foundation phase building was completed in 2018 and opened in 2019 with just over 50 learners. Our dream was always to have three classes per grade. As numbers grew, a second English class was introduced in Grades 1, 2 and 3. By 2022, we had reached our goal, with 210 learners and three classes per grade, making the foundation phase an English Home Language medium school.

Primary and intermediate phases

Our primary school sports programme has expanded tremendously, offering 11 competitive sports codes. We are proud to have produced Mpumalanga rugby, netball and cricket champion teams.
Thirteen honorary colours have been awarded to our primary school athletes who have represented Mpumalanga at the highest levels.

In the intermediate phase (Grades 4 to 7), learners work with more abstract material. Our small classes and enhanced curriculum encourage excellence and 21st-century skills through subjects such as Natural Sciences and Robotics. From this phase, learners begin using laptops.

High school

In Grades 8 and 9, we emphasise problem-solving and individual thinking. Grades 10 to 12 prepare learners for the IEB examinations at the end of Grade 12. However, we also focus on world-readiness rather than purely examination-driven outcomes. Learners are taught to think innovatively, express their ideas and take charge of their own lives.

High school learners can extend their subject choices beyond what is offered at school, through live lessons with teachers during the school day. These subjects extend our enhanced curriculum and provide learners with a personalised learning experience.

A message from the leadership team

‘We are thrilled to celebrate this milestone,’ said Leon Strydom, Head of High School. ‘I remember when the town first heard a private school was opening in Secunda. There were doubts about its success. Today, I am proud to be part of this story. When I joined Curro in 2019, there were around 95 learners in the high school and no Grade 12 class. Today, we have almost 270 learners, with our fifth Grade 12 group writing final exams this year. Thank you to every parent
who entrusts us with their children. We will continue to grow and set high standards.’

‘As the Executive Head of Curro Secunda, it is with immense pride and excitement that I share that 2025 marks a monumental milestone in our school’s journey – our 10th anniversary!’ says Mr
Ruan van der Merwe. ‘This is not just a celebration of a decade of academic achievement and growth, but a testament to the dedication, resilience and spirit of our school community.

‘This year, we have exciting plans to mark the occasion. Our celebrations will take place throughout the year, beginning with a week-long birthday celebration for our learners. This will conclude with a fun-filled day offering a variety of exciting activities, fostering joy and togetherness.

‘As we mark this milestone, I reflect on how far we have come. I am blessed to be part of this exceptional community of passionate learners, devoted educators and supportive families. This is a proud moment for everyone who has contributed to our story.

‘Here’s to a year of celebration, reflection and excitement for what lies ahead. Together, we will continue to inspire, empower and create lasting memories for generations to come.’

ANIMALS 101 – WHAT IS WRONG WITH PARROT OWNERS?

Columnist

Ancois van Zyl

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March 12, 2025

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ANIMALS 101 – WHAT IS WRONG WITH PARROT OWNERS?

THE HARSH REALITY OF PARROT OWNERSHIP IS THAT MOST OWNERS ARE NOT FULFILLING THEIR NEEDS!

How do you not understand that parrots are not just beautiful, exotic pets to show off, but highly intelligent, emotionally complex creatures that require constant care and a lifetime commitment? Parrots are not meant to be kept in small cages, ignored, fed terrible diets, and neglected while their basic needs go unmet. Too many people take on the responsibility of owning a parrot without the slightest clue about what it truly takes to care for one of these incredible creatures. We see the birds pay the price!

Parrots are wild animals, not just pets. They live for decades—sometimes over 50 years—and during that time, they need a variety of things to thrive. The idea that a parrot can be happy in a small cage with a few seeds and no stimulation is not only wrong, it’s cruel. If you’re one of those people who thinks that keeping a parrot in a cage all day is acceptable, I’m here to tell you—it’s not, and you are failing the animal.

THE CAGE IS TOO SMALL

Let’s start with a basics one: the size of the cage. Parrots are flight animals. In the wild, they fly long distances daily, exploring, foraging, and interacting with their environment. A cage, no matter how large, is not enough. Birds must be able to stretch their wings, fly, and explore outside the confines of their cage as well as get some sunlight. Yet, many parrot owners trap their birds in cages so small that the parrot can hardly move properly, let alone engage in natural behaviours like flying or climbing.

A small cage is a physical and mental prison for a bird. The cramped space leads to frustration, aggression, and depression, and many harmful behaviours. A parrot needs space to move and freedom to fly. If you don’t have the space to let your parrot fly, then you shouldn’t have one at all.

Birds fly horizontally, so vertical cages pose another problem. Read more on cages here.

THE LACK OF ENRICHMENT

Next, we get to the issue of enrichment. Parrots are highly intelligent animals, capable of solving complex problems, mimicking human speech, and learning tricks. Yet, they are often left in cages with no toys, no puzzles, and no opportunities to engage their minds.

Parrots in the wild are constantly challenged: they have to find food, navigate their environment, and interact with their flock. In captivity, when these birds are deprived of mental stimulation, they develop boredom and behavioural problems like feather plucking, screaming, and destructive behaviour.

Read more on perches and enrichment ideas.

If you’re leaving a parrot in a cage with only a couple of poorly chosen toys—maybe a swing or a mirror—then you’re doing it all wrong. Birds need variety: toys to chew on, puzzles to solve, and foraging opportunities to stimulate their natural instincts. And these toys need to be rotated regularly (almost daily)—parrots don’t stay entertained by the same thing day in and day out. If you’re not providing your bird with these essential forms of stimulation, you’re neglecting one of their most basic needs.

Also, see our article on aggressive behaviour in dogs.

THE DIET CRISIS

You might think you’re feeding your parrot well by giving it sunflower seeds. Think again. The majority of commercial bird seed mixes are high in fat and nutritionally inadequate. A diet of mostly sunflower seeds can cause obesity, liver disease, and heart problems in parrots. Birds need a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits, vegetables, grains, and specialized pellets designed to meet their nutritional needs. If you are not willing to make them fresh food daily, then you are failing them.

By feeding them an improper diet, you’re not only robbing them of the opportunity to thrive—you’re setting them up for health problems that could drastically shorten their lives. And let’s not even mention how many people don’t offer their birds clean water, fresh food, or even properly cleaned dishes daily.

THE EMOTIONAL ISOLATION

Parrots are social animals, and in the wild, they live in flocks. They communicate with each other, they play, and they take care of one another. But in captivity, many parrots are kept isolated in cages, often without any opportunities to interact with other birds. While some may bond with their human owners, this is no substitute for the natural social structure they need.

Isolation leads to emotional stress and behavioural issues. Birds deprived of proper socialization can become aggressive, withdrawn, or excessively noisy. It’s not enough to just put a parrot in a cage and throw a bit of food at them. They need attention, companionship, and regular interaction with both humans and, ideally, other birds. If you can’t offer that, you should reconsider owning a parrot.

THE IMPORTANCE OF VETERINARY CARE

When was the last time you took your parrot to the vet? I’m not talking about a quick checkup every few years—I mean regular visits to ensure your bird is in good health. Far too many parrot owners skip the vet entirely. Birds are experts at hiding illness, and by the time symptoms become visible, it’s often too late. Regular checkups are essential to catch problems early, and a responsible owner should be proactive about ensuring their bird’s health.

In addition to routine vet visits, parrots need vitamins, deworming, and disease prevention. Yet, many parrot owners neglect these basic health needs, leaving their birds vulnerable to illness and suffering.

It is important to see an Avian veterinarian, who specializes with these creatures. Not all vets know enough about parrots.

If you have a parrot, read the missing parrot guidelines before you need it!

THE BOTTOM LINE: ARE YOU READY FOR THE COMMITMENT?

Parrots are not pets for the faint of heart. They are a 40+ year commitment, and if you can’t meet their needs, then you shouldn’t have one. Parrots are not toys, not accessories to show off, and not status symbols. They are living, breathing, feeling creatures that deserve to be treated with the utmost care and respect. If you are planning to get a parrot, read this, volunteer at a parrot rescue like Brainy Birds – Parrot Rescue and Rehabilitation (consider donating to their work), and talk to our local parrot educator Shy first!

If you can’t provide your parrot with enough space, enrichment, socialization, proper diet, and medical care, then don’t get a parrot. There are far too many parrots suffering in silence because their owners didn’t think through the enormity of the commitment. Birds, big or small, are not good pets for children.

Do better. Don’t take on the responsibility of an animal unless you can meet all of their needs. Stop buying parrots on a whim or because they look cute. They deserve so much more than what you’re giving them. Stop buying parrots for you aged parents!

If you can’t commit to giving your parrot a life of freedom, care, and love, then perhaps it’s time to consider a different kind of pet—one that’s better suited to your lifestyle. But if you are ready to make the lifelong commitment, then step up and provide your bird with the life it deserves. Also, make sure they are provided for in your Will!

Shy is our local parrot educator, who helps with healthy diet changes and enrichment, and arranges for the Avian vet to visit Secunda, hosted by Vetcross Eendedam. Please contact her for guidance on your parrot care. 083 6539755. You can also follow The Paw Company and search #parrot or #bird on the page for many educational posts.

If you can no longer or properly care for your bird, consider surrendering the bird to a parrot rescue. Shy will advise on this. Do not just give the bird, but donate to the organization that is cleaning up your mess.

Join us again next week as we learn about the pets of our lives.

WHEN YOU KNOW BETTER, YOU DO BETTER!

Louis van der Walt achieves highest marks at club meeting

Encee van Huyssteen

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March 11, 2025

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Louis van der Walt achieves highest marks at club meeting

At Friday nights club meeting for Sasol Highveld Photography Club, Louis van der Walt’s photograph, Dragon Fly Wing Motion, was not only judged the best senior photograph, he also achieved a full score of 15 for the photo.

It is very rare that full marks are given for a photograph and it is only done for exceptional work.

Johan Drotsky from “Bethal fotoklub” was the judge for the evening. He is also our regional director.

Members are graded by their skill levels and receive points to progress to a higher level. The aim is for photographers to improve by having their photos judged and critiqued. By taking note of the guest’s commentaries, they should be able to improve.

Different “certificates” are awarded to the photographs. These are Bronze, Silver, Gold and Certificate of Merit (COM). If the author (photographer) does everything wrong in a photo, for his/her skill level, such as out of focus he/she will receive a bronze. Doing everything right will result in gold or even a COM.

If you have any questions, contact Louis van der Walt at +27 (72) 755-2767. The Sasol Highveld Photography Club is passionate about photography and the quality of its images. It wants its members to enjoy their photography.

The Best Photograph in the Senior Division is Louis van der Walt’s “Dragon Fly Wing Motion”